Understanding Polarized and Non-Polarized Capacitors: Principles and Applications

Capacitors are essential components in electronic circuits, and they are broadly classified into polarized capacitors and non-polarized capacitors . These two types differ significantly in structure, principle, and application. Choosing the wrong type can lead to circuit failure or even explosion, so it’s crucial to understand their characteristics. This post explains the principles and uses of polarized and non-polarized capacitors in a clear comparison.     1. Principle and Features of Polarized Capacitors Principle: One electrode functions as the positive terminal, and the other as the negative. Incorrect connection can damage the electrolyte, causing leakage or explosion. Thanks to their electrolyte-based structure, they can achieve high capacitance in a small package. Main types: Electrolytic capacitors, tantalum capacitors Features: High capacitance, compact size, low cost, requires polarity marking (+/-) 2. Principle and Features of Non-...